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General
Presentation
Diagnosis
Microbiology
Pharmacology
Treatment
References
Links
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General
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Classification
- in the past a distinction was made between typical and atypical pneumonias (typical being those caused by common pathogens and atypical referring to those caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia pneumoniae, or Legionella pneumophila); it was thought that the clinical presentations were different and could help identify the etiologic organism but such a classification has not proven to be useful
- currently pneumonias are defined as either community-acquired (CAP) or nosocomial or hospital-acquired
- CAP is defined as an infection acquired in the community setting; the definition varies and it may or may not include infections acquired in a nursing home or long-term care facility
- nursing home-acquired pneumonias are considered by some to be CAP while others classify them as nosocomial
- aspiration pneumonia is generally considered as CAP unless it occurs in the hospital setting, in which case it is possible that the patient's oropharynx is colonized with aerobic Gram-negative rods (AGNRs) and it should be treated as nosocomial
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