How to Survive the Surgical ICU - AP_Electrolytes
AssessmentPlan
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PLAN
  1. Hyperkalemia:
    Mild 5-6, Moderate 6-7, Severe >7 meq/L
    EKG: peaked T waves, widened QRS and QT. Torsades.
    • Antiarrythmic: 5-10 ml 10% Calcium gluconate
    • Shift K+ into cells with glucose
    • 1 amp HCO3-, 1 amp D50 + insulin reg 5 u IV
    • Eliminate K+ Kayexalate 15-50 gm &Furosemide 20 mg IV push

  2. Hypokalemia: U waves on EKG
    • Oral KCL 20-40 meq po qd
    • IV D5W ½ NS c 20 meq KCL/l
    • KCL 10 meq in 100 cc NS IV over 1 hour

  3. Hypercalcemia: in malignancy, hyperparathyroidism. Excrete with saline diuresis with IV NS and furosemide

  4. Hypomagnesemia:
    • MgSO4 1 gm IV add to current bag
    • MgO2 400 mg PO tid

  5. Hyponatremia: always need discussion.
    • Hypovolemia?
    • Hypervolemia? Fluid restrict.
    • Profound < 120 meq/L or with symptoms
           NS @ 150 cc hour
           Furosemide 20 mg IV q 4 hours
           Chem 6 q 4 hours
    • Seizures: 3% Saline infusion

  6. Hypernatremia:
    Usually means dehydration.
    Think of rhabdomyolysis in a patient who has been down.
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Copyright © 2004, University of California San Diego, School of Medicine